Biomass and Toxicity Responses of Poison Ivy (toxicodendron Radicans) to Elevated Atmospheric Co2: Reply

نویسندگان

  • Jacqueline E. Mohan
  • Lewis H. Ziska
  • Richard B. Thomas
  • Richard C. Sicher
  • Kate George
  • James S. Clark
  • William H. Schlesinger
چکیده

tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, in Martin County, Indiana. American Midland Naturalist 89:281–286. Sperry, J. S., N. M. Holbrook, M. H. Zimmerman, and M. T. Tyree. 1987. Spring filling of xylem vessels in wild grapevine. Plant Physiology 83:414–417. Stiles, E. W. 1982. Fruit flags: two hypotheses. American Naturalist 120:500–509. Walters, M. B., and P. B. Reich. 2000. Seed size, nitrogen supply and growth rate affect tree seedling survival in deep shade. Ecology 81:1887–1901. Ward, J. K., and J. Kelly. 2004. Scaling up evolutionary responses to elevated CO2: lessons from Arabidopsis. Ecology Letters 7:427–440. WDNR (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources). 2004. Southern forest communities. Ecological landscapes of Wisconsin—Ecosystem Management Planning Handbook, HB1805.1. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Zotz, G., N. Cueni, and C. Körner. 2006. In situ growth stimulation of a temperate zone liana (Hedera helix) in elevated CO2. Functional Ecology 20:763–769.

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Biomass and toxicity responses of poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) to elevated atmospheric CO2.

Contact with poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) is one of the most widely reported ailments at poison centers in the United States, and this plant has been introduced throughout the world, where it occurs with other allergenic members of the cashew family (Anacardiaceae). Approximately 80% of humans develop dermatitis upon exposure to the carbon-based active compound, urushiol. It is not known...

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Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Potential Impacts on the Growth and Toxicity of Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans)

Because of its ability to induce contact dermatitis, the establishment and spread of poison ivy is recognized as a significant public health concern. In the current study, we quantified potential changes in the biomass and urushiol content of poison ivy as a function of incremental changes in global atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration (CO2). We also examined the rate of new leaf developmen...

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Biomass and toxicity responses of poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) to elevated atmospheric CO2: comment.

As the earth’s environment changes with the alteration of important putative environmental drivers (e.g., CO2, temperature, nitrogen deposition, biotic invasions, and the frequency and severity of extreme weather events), ecologists and environmental biologists are scrambling to predict what the world may look like under these new conditions. To accomplish this goal, these scientists often use ...

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Characterization of 42 Microsatellite Markers from Poison Ivy, Toxicodendron radicans (Anacardiaceae)

Poison ivy, Toxicodendron radicans, and poison oaks, T. diversilobum and T. pubescens, are perennial woody species of the Anacardiaceae and are poisonous, containing strong allergens named urushiols that cause allergic contact dermatitis. Poison ivy is a species distributed from North America to East Asia, while T. diversilobum and T. pubescens are distributed in western and eastern North Ameri...

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MALDI-MS Imaging of Urushiols in Poison Ivy Stem.

Urushiols are the allergenic components of Toxicodendron radicans (poison ivy) as well as other Toxicodendron species. They are alk-(en)-yl catechol derivatives with a 15- or 17-carbon side chain having different degrees of unsaturation. Although several methods have been developed for analysis of urushiols in plant tissues, the in situ localization of the different urushiol congeners has not b...

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تاریخ انتشار 2007